Drifted Snow on Roofs
Drift snow loads on multilevel roofs account for about 75 percent of all snow load related roof collapses. A case history of snow drifts provides the foundation for a discussion of the...
Snow Transport as a Function of Wind Speed and Height
When limitations are placed on mass flux in the saltation layer, a regression equation relating mass flux to wind speed and height above surface, developed by Mellor and Fellers (1986),...
Wind Power in Antarctica?Case Histories of the North Wind HR3 Wind Turbine
The combination of extreme weather conditons and remoteness of the Antarctic sites makes them even better suited for wind turbine installations since the alternative power sources are...
Wind Frame Design for Mid Rise Buildings
A brief discussion of drift limits is followed by design procedures for unbraced moment resisting wind frames and initial selection of optimized member sizes for chevron bracing frames....
Structural Optimization to Limit Natural Periods
It is necessary to limit the natural periods of some structures to control their response to dynamic loads. Floor systems with natural periods greater than approximately 0.15 seconds may...
Experiences with Military Installation Drainage Systems
This paper presents a brief survey of experience with drainage systems found on Army bases. In addition, selected current drainage-related research topics which support Army installations...
Sensitivity Analysis for the Numerical Evaluation of Wind Effects on Buildings
The paper describes the sensitivity analysis carried out in the computational evaluation of wind effects on buildings by using a computer code named TWIST - Turbulent WInd Simulation Techniques....
Wave Calculation Using WAM Model and NMC Wind
The CYCLE 2 version of the WAM (Wave Model) model is used to hinfcast global ocean wave spectra, using the NMC (National Meteorological Center) winds, for a period of about 60 days. The...
Gas Phase Turbulence Modification with Fine Particles in 2-D Duct Flow
The effect of a dilute suspension of fine particles on a two-dimensional turbulent duct gas flow is measured with hot-film anemometry. The flow field without particles is compared to the...
Computation of Wind Flow Around a Building
A numerical investigation of wind flow around a three-dimensional building is presented by solving weakly compressible flow equations, together with Smogrinsky's subgrid-scale...
Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Frames with Bending Moments and Axial Force Interaction
A menu driven computer program has been developed for Nonlinear analysis of plane framed structures. This program utilizes the stiffness method. Only material nonlinearity has been considered....
Development of the South Carolina Coast 1959-1989: Prelude to a Disaster
The history of hurricanes on the South Carolina Coast is reviewed. It is shown that reasonable design wind and surge conditions could have been established before the rapid development...
Meteorological Aspects of Hurricane Hugo
Despite recent improvements in the accuracy of hurricane forecasting at a rate of about one-half to one percent per-year over the past decade, the population growth in coastal mainland...
Hugo 1989 - The Performance of Structures in the Wind
The performance of buildings in the Carolinas during Hurricane Hugo, 21-22 September 1989, is reviewed. Wind speeds in most locations were below the design levels specified in the local...
Hurricane Hugo vs Critical Lifelines
Hurricane Hugo significantly affected the performance of critical lifelines in South and North Carolina. An overview of the performance of power supply, transportation, communication,...
Hugo's Sturctural Damage in Puerto Rico
The results of a study of the wind damages caused by Hurricane Hugo is presented. Cases involving wood structures, industrial steel buildings, multistory reinforced concrete buildings,...
An Overview of Hurricane Damage to Military Facilities and the Storm Recovery Role Played by the Southern Division Naval Facilities Engineering Command
Hurricane Hugo struck a major blow to the military's shore facilities at Charleston, SC and Sumter, SC. The Air Force Base at Myrtle Beach, SC suffered only minor damage....
Lessons Learned by a Wind Engineer
Surface wind speeds during the passage of Hurricane Hugo through the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico are described. Although damage to the affected areas was extensive, an assessment...
Lessons Learned About the Building Code Process?The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
Building codes and standards exist to provide for the health, safety and welfare of the citizenry. Concern must also be given to the need to safeguard the economy lest major changes in...
Hugo - Lessons Learned
This paper is based on ground surveys along the South Carolina coast from Edisto Island north to Myrtle Beach. It also includes ground surveys as far inland as Charlotte, North Carolina....
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